Paʻi ʻia: Ianuali 25, 2026
Ke hoʻomau nei nā mea hoʻohuihui alumini i ka noho aliʻi ma ke kamaʻilio ʻana no nā mea māmā i ka makahiki 2026, me ka koi honua e piʻi ana ma mua o 75 miliona tone i kēlā me kēia makahiki—i hoʻokele nui ʻia e nā kaʻa uila, ka hoʻōla ʻana o ka aerospace, nā ʻano ikehu hou, a me ka hoʻopili hoʻomau. Ua paʻa nā kumukūʻai no ka alumini mua ma kahi o $2,600–$2,900 no kēlā me kēia metric tone ma ka LME, akā ke paʻa nei nā uku hoʻohuihui i ka wā e hoʻokau mua ai nā kaulahao lako i nā pae hana kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka alumini hana hou ʻia i kēia manawa he kokoke i 40% o ka lako ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau a me ʻEulopa, e kōkua ana i nā mea hana e hoʻokō i nā pahuhopu decarbonization ikaika.
ʻOiai he wahi ko ka alumini maʻemaʻe, hāʻawi nā mea hoʻohuihui i hana ʻia ma ka moʻo 1xxx a i 7xxx i nā mea pono maoli e pono ai nā ʻenekinia. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia moʻo nā mea hoʻohuihui like ʻole, nā mālama wela, a me nā ʻano—pepa/papa, nā extrusions, foil, bar, tube—e hoʻopilikino i ka hana i nā hana kikoʻī. Ma lalo nei, e wāwahi wau i kēlā me kēia moʻo nui, e hōʻike i nā māka koʻikoʻi, nā ʻano huahana maʻamau, nā noi honua maoli, nā ikaika, nā nāwaliwali, a pehea e kū ai nā māka i loko o ka moʻo like kekahi i kekahi. Inā ʻoe e kuhikuhi ana i nā mea no kahi papahana hou, pono kēia e hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi hoʻomaka paʻa.
Moʻo 1xxx: Alumini Maʻemaʻe Kūʻai (99.0%+ Al)
He alumini maʻemaʻe kēia me ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohuihui ʻia—maikaʻi kahi e ʻoi aku ai ke koʻikoʻi o ke kūpaʻa i ka pala a me ka conductivity ma mua o ka ikaika.
Nā Papa Maʻamau1050, 1060, 1070, 1100, 1200
Nā ʻAno MaʻamauPepa/pā, ʻōwili, pepa kini (a hiki i ka 0.006 mm), ʻāpana, kaʻa pahi, uea
Nā noi:
- Pepa kini: ʻŌpala meaʻai, nā ʻeke blister lāʻau lapaʻau, pepa kini hale
- Pepa/ʻōwili: Nā panela ʻālohilohi, nā pahu mālama kemika, nā mea ʻālohilohi kukui
- ʻO ke kaʻa pahi/kaʻa i hoʻopuka ʻia: Nā alakaʻi uila, ka hoʻoili mana
- Pā: Nā ipu kuke, nā papa inoa, nā mea hoʻololi wela
Nā PōmaikaʻiʻO ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka palaho, ka conductivity thermal/electrical maikaʻi loa (a hiki i ka 62% IACS), ka hiki ke hoʻokumu a me ka weldability maikaʻi loa, ʻālohilohi loa, hiki ke hana hou ʻia
Nā hemahema: Ikaika mīkini haʻahaʻa (ʻo ka hua maʻamau he 30-100 MPa), ʻaʻole hiki ke mīkini ʻia i ka wā palupalu loa, maʻalahi ke kahakaha ʻia a i ʻole ke poʻo ʻia
Hoʻohālikelike Intra-SeriesʻO 1060 ka lio hana e hele ai—hoʻoponopono maikaʻi i ke kumukūʻai a me ka maʻemaʻe ma mua o 1050 (conductivity haʻahaʻa iki) a i ʻole premium 1070/1200 (maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe akā ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai). Hāʻawi ʻo 1100 i ka ikaika ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a makemake ʻia no nā ʻāpana hohonu ma mua o 1050 palupalu.
Moʻo 2xxx: Nā Alloys Aluminum-Copper (Hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wela, ikaika kiʻekiʻe)
ʻO ke keleawe ka mea hoʻohuihui nui, e hāʻawi ana i ka ikaika pae mokulele akā ma ke kumukūʻai o ke kūpaʻa i ka pala.
Nā Papa Maʻamau2014, 2024, 2124, 2219, 2618
Nā ʻAno MaʻamauPā, pepa, ʻaukā, hana ʻana, hoʻokaʻawale ʻana
Nā noiNā ʻāpana kūkulu mokulele (nā ʻili fuselage, nā ʻēheu ʻēheu), nā kaʻa hana kiʻekiʻe (nā piston, nā huila), nā lako koa
Nā PōmaikaʻiIkaika tensile kiʻekiʻe loa (a hiki i ka 570 MPa ma T6), kūpaʻa luhi maikaʻi loa, hiki ke mīkini maikaʻi, mālama i ka ikaika ma nā mahana kiʻekiʻe (2219 no nā pahu cryogenic)
Nā hemahemaʻO ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi ʻole i ka palaho me ka ʻole o ka uhi ʻana a i ʻole ka uhi ʻana, ka maʻalahi o ka haki ʻana i ka palaho-stress, ka haʻahaʻa o ka weldability (maʻamau i hoʻopaʻa ʻia)
Hoʻohālikelike Intra-SeriesʻO 2024-T3/T4 ke kūlana aerospace—ʻo ka lakio ikaika-a-kaumaha maikaʻi loa. Hāʻawi ʻo 2014 i ka machinability ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi a he mea maʻamau ia i nā forgings kaumaha. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o 2219 i ka weldability a me ka hana cryogenic (nā pahu SpaceX). Makemake ʻia ʻo 2618 no nā ʻāpana mīkini wela kiʻekiʻe.
Moʻo 3xxx: Nā Alloys Aluminum-Manganese (ʻAʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wela)
Hāʻawi ka manganese i ka ikaika kūpono a me ka paʻakikī hana maikaʻi loa.
Nā Papa Maʻamau3003, 3004, 3105, 3005
Nā ʻAno Maʻamau: Pepa, ʻōwili, waihona kini, uhi hale, paipu
Nā noi: Nā kini inu, nā lako kuke, nā uhi hale/ʻaoʻao, nā mea hoʻololi wela, nā hana maʻamau
Nā Pōmaikaʻi: Kū'ē maikaʻi i ka palaho, maikaʻi loa ke ʻano a me ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia, ikaika kūpono (a hiki i ka 200 MPa ke paʻakikī ka hana), kūpono ke kumukūʻai
Nā hemahemaʻAʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wela no ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ikaika haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā moʻo hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wela
Hoʻohālikelike Intra-SeriesʻO 3003 ka mea maʻalahi loa—maikaʻi no ke kaha kiʻi hohonu. ʻOi aku ka ikaika o 3004 (ʻoi aku ka manganese + magnesium) a hoʻomalu i nā kino o nā kini inu. Kaulana ʻo 3105 no ka ʻaoʻao hale noho ma muli o ka hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻana o ka pena.
Moʻo 4xxx: Nā Alloys Aluminum-Silicon (Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ma ke ʻano he Filler a i ʻole Casting)
Hoʻohaʻahaʻa ka Silicon i ke kiko heheʻe a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kahe ʻana—ʻo ka hapa nui he mau mea hoʻoheheʻe hao, akā aia kekahi mau ʻano i hana ʻia.
Nā Papa Maʻamau (I hana ʻia): 4032, 4043 (ʻo ia hoʻi ka uea hoʻopihapiha), 4047
Nā ʻAno MaʻamauPepa, mea hoʻoheheʻe, uea/koʻokoʻo kuʻihao
Nā noi: Mea hoʻopihapiha wili (4043), pistons, uhi hale (4047)
Nā PōmaikaʻiHoʻonui haʻahaʻa i ka wela, kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka ʻaʻahu, weldability/fluidity maikaʻi loa
Nā hemahemaʻO ka ikaika haʻahaʻa ma mua o nā moʻo ʻē aʻe, nā ʻano i hana ʻia i kaupalena ʻia
Hoʻohālikelike Intra-SeriesʻO 4043 ka mea hoʻopihapiha MIG/TIG no ke ao holoʻokoʻa; hāʻawi ʻo 4047 i ka wai maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka māwae no ka uhi ʻana.
Moʻo 5xxx: Nā Alloys Aluminum-Magnesium (ʻAʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wela, Papa Moana)
Hāʻawi ka Magnesium i ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka pala, ʻoiai hoʻi i ka wai kai.
Nā Papa Maʻamau: 5052, 5083, 5086, 5454, 5754
Nā ʻAno MaʻamauPapa, pepa, extrusions, paipu
Nā noiNā ʻili/hale o ke kai, nā panela kino kaʻa, nā moku kaomi, nā pahu cryogenic
Nā Pōmaikaʻi: Kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa i ka pala (ʻoi aku ka wai paʻakai), ikaika luhi kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia, ikaika waena a kiʻekiʻe (a hiki i 350 MPa)
Nā hemahemaʻAʻole hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wela, paʻakikī koke i ka hana (hiki ke lilo i mea palupalu inā hana nui ʻia), ʻike i nā mahana ma luna o 150°C
Hoʻohālikelike Intra-SeriesʻO 5052-H32 ka mea punahele no ke kumu maʻamau—ʻo ke ʻano maikaʻi loa. ʻO 5083-H116/H321 ka mea nui o ke kūkulu moku no ka ikaika loa a me ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo 5754 i nā kaʻa no ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka ʻili maikaʻi.
Moʻo 6xxx: Nā Alloys Aluminium-Magnesium-Silicon (Heat-Treatable, Extrusion Kings)
ʻO ka moʻo like ʻole loa—hiki ke hoʻopuka nui ʻia a me ka ikaika waena.
Nā Papa Maʻamau6061, 6063, 6082, 6005, 6060, 6101
Nā ʻAno MaʻamauNā mea i hoʻopuka ʻia, paipu, ʻaukā, pepa, pā
Nā noiNā mōlina kuhikuhipuʻuone, nā hale kaʻa, nā alapiʻi, nā poho wela, nā mōlina paikikala
Ua wehewehe ʻia nā kūlana mālama wela:
- T4: Hoʻomehana ʻia ka hopena a hoʻomaʻamaʻa maoli ʻia—maikaʻi ka ductility, ikaika kūpono
- T5Hoʻomaʻalili ʻia mai ka mahana extrusion a hoʻomākua ʻia e ke ʻano hana—hana wikiwiki, ikaika haʻahaʻa iki ma mua o T6
- T6: Hoʻomehana ʻia ka hopena a hoʻomākua ʻia e ke ʻano hana—ʻoi aku ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī, ʻo ka mea maʻamau no nā ʻāpana kūkulu
Nā PōmaikaʻiʻO ka extrudability maikaʻi loa (ʻoi aku hoʻi ʻo 6063), kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka pala, hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia, ākea o nā waiwai mechanical ma o ka mālama wela
Nā hemahemaʻOi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ikaika ma mua o 2xxx/7xxx, ʻokoʻa ke ʻano anodizing ma muli o ka papa
Hoʻohālikelike Intra-SeriesʻO 6061-T6 ka mana kūkulu (magnesium/silicon kiʻekiʻe). ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o 6063-T5/T6 ma mua o nā extrusions kuhikuhipuʻuone no ka hoʻopau maʻalahi a me ka maʻalahi o ke kūkulu ʻana. Hāʻawi ʻo 6082 (punahele ʻEulopa) i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe ma mua o 6061. ʻOi aku ka palupalu o 6060, kūpono no nā ʻano paʻakikī.
Moʻo 7xxx: Nā Alloys Aluminum-Zinc-Magnesium (Hiki ke mālama ʻia i ka wela, ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa)
Hāʻawi ʻo Zinc i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe loa i loaʻa i ka alumini.
Nā Papa Maʻamau7075, 7050, 7010, 7475, 7068
Nā ʻAno MaʻamauPā, ʻaukā, hana ʻana, hoʻokahe ʻana
Nā noi: Nā mōlina/ʻēheu mokulele, nā lako haʻuki hana kiʻekiʻe, nā pale kaua koa, ka pā mea hana
Nā PōmaikaʻiʻO ka lakio ikaika-a-kaumaha kūikawā (a hiki i ka 600 MPa), kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka luhi, hiki ke mīkini maikaʻi loa i nā ʻano T6/T7
Nā hemahemaʻO ke kūpaʻa ʻino ʻole me ka ʻole o ka pale ʻana, kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia o ka haki ʻana i ka palaho-koʻikoʻi, paʻakikī ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, pipiʻi
Hoʻohālikelike Intra-SeriesʻO 7075-T6/T651 ka papa ikaika kiʻekiʻe maʻamau. Hāʻawi ʻo 7050/7010 i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka palaho no nā ʻāpana mānoanoa. Hāʻawi ʻo 7475 i ka paʻakikī haki maikaʻi aʻe. ʻO 7068 ka mea ikaika loa i loaʻa ma ke kālepa.
Ke nānā nei i mua no nā Alloys Aluminum i ka makahiki 2026
Me nā kahua EV e koi ana i nā hale māmā a me ka aerospace e koi ana no ka hoʻohana pono ʻana i ka wahie kiʻekiʻe, e manaʻo ʻia ka ulu mau ʻana o nā papa 5xxx, 6xxx, a me 7xxx kiʻekiʻe. Ke pani nei nā holomua hana hou a me nā kaʻina hana hoʻomehana hou i ka hakahaka ma waena o ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa.
No nā luʻu hohonu, e nānāAlakaʻi Hoʻohālikelike 6061 vs 7075 or 5083 Nā Hoʻohana Alumini Moana.
Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei i kahi papahana, e nānā i kā mākou ʻike pihapapa inoa mea aluminia i ʻolee hoʻouna mai iā mākou i kahi leka– loaʻa iā mākou ka waihona i kēia mau ʻano āpau a hiki ke kōkua me nā dute.
(Nā ʻike e pili ana i nā kūlana ʻoihana, nā pepa ʻikepili loea, a me nā hōʻike mākeke. E hōʻoia mau me nā mea hoʻolako no nā koi papahana kikoʻī.)
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Ian-25-2026